NPV can refer to:

• Net present value, an economic standard method for evaluating competing long-term projects in capital budgeting.
• The De Nederlandse Padvinders (Netherlands Pathfinders), one of the Scouting organisiations that evolved into Scouting Nederland, the national Scouting organisation of the Netherlands.
• Negative predictive value (in biostatistics the proportion of patients with negative test results who are correctly diagnosed).
• National Popular Vote
• Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus, a deadly infectious virus that infects butterflies and moths.
• Negative Phase Velocity, an electromagnetic property induced by some exotic optical materials (e.g. Negative index metamaterials)

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